On Q+A last night Andrew little revealed that the Government is considering a triple referendum that would include questions on Euthanasia, Cannabis and MMP Electoral reform.
Hopefully the MMP question would be on lowering the threshold.
Little didn’t say whether this would be before or with the next General Election, but I think it would be far opreferble to have a separate non-postal referendum.
I guess it would be to much to expect also including a referendum on becoming a republic.
Posted by Pete George on November 26, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/11/26/government-considering-triple-referendum/
The flag change debate and referendum became dominated by partisan shifts in support – one of the more significant being Labour’s shift from supporting flag change to opposing it, which appeared to be more an anti-John Key position shift.
Analysis shows that many voters shifted their preference for change based on their party support – the result was swayed by partisanship.
So it is imperative that future referendums, like the upcoming (some time) cannabis referendum, does not become a political shit fight. To avoid it being a partisan pissy contest the party leaders should make it clear it is a conscience type vote.
NZH: Follow the leader: What the flag debate revealed about our personal politics
When it comes to issues as seemingly apolitical as changing the flag, the party leaders we back can still change the way we sway.
That’s according to a study published this month by Kiwi researchers, who used the much-debated flag referendum to investigate how partisanship can shape our own attitudes and preferences.
“Our research shows that the positions taken by political leaders and political parties can have an important impact on peoples’ preferences, even on issues that are supposed to reflect personal preferences,” said study leader Nicole Satherley, of the University of Auckland.
The longitudinal New Zealand Attitudes and Values Study (NZAVS) happened to include questions measuring voters’ attitudes about changing the flag in 2013, before the referendum was introduced, and again in 2016, after it had been introduced.
Satherley and colleagues capitalised on these data, examining participants’ support for changing the flag (“yes,” “no,” or “unsure”) and the degree to which participants in the study also supported or opposed the National and Labour parties.
As the researchers hypothesised, the data showed that participants tended to shift their opinions to align with those of their preferred political party.
Overall, 30.5 per cent of National voters and 27.5 per cent of Labour voters moved away from the position they originally reported in 2013 to become closer to, or consistent with, the position endorsed by their party leader.
In other words, the researchers found that support for either National or Labour predicted whether individual voters remained stable in their views or changed over time.
Relative to remaining opposed to changing the existing flag design, strong National supporters were more than three times as likely to shift their opinion in favour of a flag change compared with those who expressed low support for National.
At the same time, staunch Labour supporters who originally backed the change were more likely to shift toward opposing the change, compared with participants who expressed low support for Labour.
And strong party supporters whose opinions were already in line with the party position were less likely to shift their attitudes over time compared with participants who expressed low levels of party support.
Can the party leaders promote a true non-partisan choice-of-the-people referendum on recreational use of cannabis when that eventually happens (it must be before or with the next general election in 2020)?
If we have a referendum on euthanasia can that be non-partisan?
The researchers said the findings raised some important questions for future research, such as what motivated party supporters to switch their votes, and whether they did so to align themselves with their party leaders, or just to combat the opposing party.
These are important tests, because when we get around to deciding things like constitutions and becoming a republic it will be critical that the debates and referendums are no hijacked by political parties for their own benefit.
Much will depend on how the party leaders deal with any referendum.
Posted by Pete George on November 19, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/11/19/flag-change-debate-demonstrates-partisan-support-shifts/
On Q+A last night peter Dunne was asked where he now stands on cannabis use and law.
Corin Dann: You’ve been on top of this issue for many years, as a Minister, under a lot of pressure from both sides. Where do you sit now personally on the issue of cannabis?
Peter Dunne: I’ve set my view out probably pretty clearly over the last two or three years.
I think we can move to to treat cannabis for recreational purposes in a regulated market, where we determine the level of risk, where we determine how it’s to be sold, to whom it’s to be sold, and we can have a limited amount of personal cultivation and personal manufacture, pretty akin to the market we have now for tobacco actually.
It keeps it under tight control and the government…
Corin Dann: R18…
Peter Dunne: no advertising, price set by the state effectively…
Corin Dann: It’s interesting that you;ve reached that position. Were you there ten years ago?
Peter Dunne: probably not ten years ago but i think over the last five years I’ve moved to that.
But can I just say one thing. For the referendum to be effective you’ve got to have that model effectively set up to go once the referendum result occurs, a bit like we did when MMP came in. If the vote was yes, here’s what happens. If you just left it as an open ended question you’ll see more of what we saw this evening and no progress.
That’s what Green MP Chlöe Swarbrick is proposing. See Q+A: Should NZ legalise recreational cannabis?
Peter Dunne: …that brings you back to how this whole process is structured. I don’t think the Government’s got it’s head properly around this at the moment.
If you’re going to have a referendum which is going to be definitive in some way, then you need to have a proper considered period of education and information dealing with all of these issues beforehand.
Probably the best part of a year actually, which means if you’re going to have the referendum you’d probably want to have it at the latter part of next year clear of local body elections next October, and well before the general election.
I think they’re a way behind the 8 ball on that frankly.
That’s how it appears to me. Last week Minister of Police spoke of treating drugs as a health issue, Jacinda Ardern has said that in the past, but it appears to be all talk and little action apart from Swarbrick doing her best to push things along.
Full panel discussion:
Posted by Pete George on October 15, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/10/15/peter-dunne-on-recreational-cannabis-regulation/
On Q+A last night Helen Clark talked about why New Zealand should give up on the war on drugs.
“I support the New Zealand Drug Foundation on this, and their position is that there should be a binding referendum in 2020.”
I’d prefer to see a binding referendum before the 2020 election (and that could be done in early 2020). It is important enough to be dealt with on it’s own, without the distraction of a general election. This means having legislation written and agreed in Parliament to put to the referendum for approval or rejection before that.
The Greens have a confidence and supply agreement with Labour to have a referendum before or alongside the 2020 general election.
This isn’t new from Clark. In March 2018: War on drugs has failed – Helen Clark
Former Prime Minister Helen Clark says a bill that would quadruple the maximum prison sentence for people supplying synthetic cannabis reflects a failed war on drugs mentality.
National MP Simeon Brown’s bill would extend the maximum prison term for supplying synthetic cannabis from two years to eight.
It passed its first reading at Parliament last night – supported by National and New Zealand First MPs.
At a conference on drugs at Parliament today, Ms Clark, who is a member of the Global Commission on Drug Policy, said the global war on drugs had failed, with devastating consequences for individuals.
Ms Clark said the proposed synthetic cannabis law change was more of the same.
“That is heading in the war on drugs direction which isn’t going to work – but going to a select committee to a bill is one thing, what will come out the other end.
“And I think all the people who know about drug policy, who know what’s happening around the world, need to come to the (select) committee and spell it out how it is.”
Ms Clark said it was time for New Zealand to have a fresh look at its drug policy.
“We have to look at the evidence of what works – and if we looked at Portugal or to Switzerland or any number of countries now we see more enlightened drug policies, which are bringing down the rate of death and not driving up prison populations.”
Full Q+A interview:
“If we look at penal policy, clearly it’s failed.”
“I’m personally totally opposed to three strikes and you’re out, I think that’s a ridiculous approach.”
On drug reform:
“That would be the gold standard, to go to the Portuguese model, which is decriminalisation surrounded by massive harm reduction measures.
“New Zealand innovated more than thirty years ago with the needle exchange scheme, and we did that because it was absolutely essential to stop the spread of HIV aids.
“But we haven’t really done much in all the years since, and if we look at what Canada is now doing, you have safe consumption spaces where people who inject drugs are able to inject in safety where their drugs are tested, and also in a number of countries much readier access to the anti-overdose drug Naxolone, which WHO says should be in the hands of anyone likely to witness an overdose.
“So I have no doubt that we could do much better, and we need to look at what’s Norway doing, what’s Canada doing, what’s Portugal doing, who’s doing things that are working.”
Corin Dann: “Again though where does leadership come in here, because this current Government has said they would look at a referendum, but then there’s no guarantee they would act on that referendum. It seems to me that once again politicians are very nervous about leading on this issue. What should they do?”
Clark:
“Well I support the New Zealand Drug Foundation on this, and their position is that there should be a binding referendum in 2020. and for it to be binding you need to prepare the legislation beforehand so people know what they are voting on and you can have an informed debate.
“In referendums the question is always the question, and it needs to be simple, but if it’s a simple yes/no around a law that’s been passed and will be activated by a ‘yes’ vote, that becomes clearer to explain.”
I hope she convinces Jacinda Ardern and Labour on this.
Passing legislation next year that is subject to a binding referendum in early 2020, months in advance of the general election is do-able and should be a no-brainer if Parliament is prepared to lead on this and address what is currently a very poor situation on drugs.
“The current policies aren’t working”.
Do you think the public feels that?
“Yes I do, but I also think what has changed is that around the world we’re seeing a lot of movement on these issues. Certainly on cannabis decriminalisation and even legalisation in US states and Canada and European jurisdictions.
And in the area of the other illicit drugs we’re also seeing a lot of innovation around harm reduction measures. So I think follow the evidence, see what’s working.
Portugal in the mid-late nineties, when it went down this road, had the highest rate of drug related deaths in all of Western Europe. Today it has the lowest, so clearly they’ve got something right.
Decriminalisation or legalisation is the approach that Portugal and others take, but they then have regulation.
Now New Zealand did try regulation of some psycho-active drugs back in 2013, then for whatever reason it got dropped like a hot cake the following year, but I think it is worth going back and looking at the principle of that with respect to that particular group of drugs.
That refers to the legislation promoted by Peter Dunne, passed by Parliament but then dumped by National when they panicked after bad media.
The global drug commission that I’m on will be bringing out a new report in September that will be talking about legalisation AND regulation, you have to have regulation, and you have to have major harm reduction measures.
If Ardern really wants to demonstrate that her Government is truly progressive then they will address drug policies that are currently failing badly.
Minister of Health David Cl;ark seems to have been given the responsibility for dealing with this, and he has seemed tol be far from progressive, he is more conservative, and doesn’t seem keen to lead on it.
Posted by Pete George on September 3, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/09/03/qa-helen-clark-on-why-nz-should-give-up-the-war-on-drugs/
A cannabis referendum (on recreational use) is part of the confidence and supply agreement between the Greens and Labour, and has been promised before or at the 2020 election. The Government is considering making it a binding referendum.
RNZ: Cannabis referendum may be binding
The Justice Minister Andrew Little says the government is considering what kind of referendum will be held.
“One of the decisions that the Government is going to make is whether it will be a binding referendum, meaning that once the decision is made then the Government will follow through on it. In order for a binding referendum to take place there has to be a reasonable degree of specificity and certainty about what would follow a ‘yes’ vote.”
Winston Peters says he would support the result of a referendum.
“Well look we don’t believe in fake democracy. A referendum is a form of democracy.
“If the question’s going to the people, the people’s answer will be paramount, yes.”
Simon Bridges says that National would follow the wishes of a public referendum: National would legalise cannabis if public voted in favour – Bridges
If the public votes in favour of legalising cannabis in a referendum, a National-led government would change the law accordingly, National Party leader Simon Bridges says.
Mr Bridges said National would enact a law change if that was what New Zealanders wanted.
“Oh I think we’ve got to, I mean we’ve got to go with what the people want and what a referendum tells us.
“We’ve got a bit of water to go under the bridge, we’ve got to see the question, we’re going to have an informed debate I hope on the issues, but absolutely on principle we support referendums and their outcomes.”
Not as much certainty from Labour though.
When asked before she went on maternity leave, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern would not yet commit to whether Labour would legalise marijuana if a referendum favoured the change.
That’s disappointing from Ardern.
Guarded support but vagueness from the Minister of Health: David Clark in favour of liberalising drug laws
Health Minister David Clark is personally in favour of more liberal drug laws because prohibition has not worked in the past.
But Clark would not commit to abiding by the result of any referendum on loosening laws around cannabis use, saying he preferred to wait for advice from his colleagues.
“I think it’s highly likely that that’s the course we would take … all I’ve said is I want to wait for advice.
“I haven’t had a conversation with colleagues about how that referendum’s going to be framed and what question we’re going to be asking the public.
“Broadly, I favour at a more personal level, more liberal drug laws because I think in the world when prohibition has been tried, it hasn’t worked.”
Clark seems to have been one of the weakest links in the medicinal cannabis bill before Parliament at the moment, so it’s hard to know how he would deal with this.
Hopefully Parliament will make it a ‘conscience vote’ (personal vote) for MPs when it comes to legislation, and hopefully the will of the people weights heavily on the consciences of MPs.
If ever there was an issue that could do with some real leadership in parliament, this is it.
Perhaps Ardern has had a chance to see this while on her break from Parliament, and she picks up and runs with proper drug law reform rather than the weak tinkering and dithering we have seen so far.
Posted by Pete George on July 31, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/07/31/cannabis-referendum-could-be-binding/
In May a member’s Bill was drawn that aims to improve protection the Māori seats in Parliament. Winston Peters says he wants the bill to include a referendum or two on whether the Māori seats should be retained at all.
Given that it is a Labour Māori MP’s bill, and there is no coalition agreement for NZ First’s policy to have a referendum on the Māori seats, it must be futile posturing by Peters.
In July last year in his speech to the NZ First congress:
I am therefore announcing today that the next government we belong to will offer a binding referendum mid-term to do two things:
Retain or Abolish the Maori seats.
And there will be second referendum on the same day and that will be to Maintain or Reduce the size of Parliament to 100 MPs.
More in Peters wavers over Maori seat referendum
See also (RNZ): Peters promises referendum on Māori seats
However as we know, a campaign ‘promise’ is no more than policy posturing, wholly dependent on what is negotiated in setting up a Government after the election.
Just after last year’s election (RNZ): Peters appears to shift on Māori seat referendum
New Zealand First appears to have shifted its position on a referendum on the Māori seats, now the Māori Party has been voted out of Parliament.
Before the election campaign, New Zealand First leader Winston Peters pledged a binding referendum on whether to abolish the seven Māori electorate seats. He argued Māori electorates had failed to deliver what Māori really needed and were a form of “tokenism”.
During an interview yesterday on Australia’s Sky News, Mr Peters was asked how the referendum could affect coalition negotiations.
“The Māori Party itself – which was one of the driving things behind us saying it – the Māori Party itself, a race-based, origin-of-race party, got smashed in this election, and it’s gone.
“And so some of the things that, or elements to the environment on which a promise is made have since changed. That’s all I can say.”
That doesn’t say much. It is typically vague of Peters.
Labour, having just won all Māori seats, did not concede anything to Peters on the seats in their coalition agreement.
Then in May this year: Bill to protect Māori seats selected
A bill which will entrench Māori electorate seats in Parliament has been selected from the members’ bill ballot today.
The Electoral Entrenchment of Maori Seats Ammendment Bill introduced by Te Tai Tonga MP Rino Tirikatene ensures Māori seats have the same protections as general electorates seats.
Mr Tirikatane said that under the Electoral Act the provisions establishing the general electorates are entrenched, meaning only a 75 percent majority can overturn them.
However, only a majority of 51 per cent is needed to abolish Māori seats. Mr Tirikatene said the bill was about fixing the constitution.
“We should be able to have equal protection just like the general seats.”
Yesterday: Winston Peters wants ‘two-part referendum’ on Māori seats
Acting Prime Minister and New Zealand First leader Winston Peters is calling for a two-pronged referendum on whether Māori seats should be entrenched, or should go altogether.
New Zealand First campaigned on holding a binding referendum on whether to abolish the seats.
At the time as Labour leader Jacinda Ardern ruled out a referendum, saying that would break faith with Māori voters.
Mr Peters said he still believed the matter should be put to the public.
“If you want to make changes to the electoral system, you should go to the country, not just do it unilaterally,” he said.
New Zealand First would not support the bill as it stands, Mr Peters said, but would reconsider if an amendment was made in the committee stages to include the referendum.
“If they put an SOP [Supplementary Order Paper] in for referendum, then it will be all on.
“That’s when we put all our cards on the table as to whether there should be Māori seats and, if so, should they be entrenched.
“There should be a two-part referendum,” he said.
‘They’ – Labour – are unlikely to put a SOP in the bill for referendums. Labour’s Māori MPs are not going to want a turkey vote for Christmas.
Peters and NZ First got nowhere near any mandate for this in the last election. They got nothing on it from their published coalition agreement.
If Peters pressures Labour and they roll over on this they risk getting slammed by Māori voters. They surely aren’t that silly.
This looks like futile posturing by Peters.
I presume he was speaking as NZ First leader and not as acting Prime Minister.
Posted by Pete George on July 6, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/07/06/futile-peters-posturing-on-maori-seats/
The resounding vote for women’s rights in the Irish abortion referendum has raised the positing that a referendum on abortion in New Zealand may bring our laws into the 21st century (if that’s what a majority wants).
But Helen Clark doesn’t think this is necessary – a bit ironic given her lack of action as Prime Minister.
A curious comment given that Helen Clark led the New Zealand Government for nine years without promoting any consultation or policy or legislation that address the archaic and largely ignored abortion law.
Governments and parties have proven to be very conservative on a number of important social issues, like abortion, cannabis and drug law reform, and euthanasia. Some may say gutless.
A push for referendums may be a way to push the Government to actually do something. Nothing much else has worked, apart from private members’ bills, so threatening to take some of their power (and give it to the people) might be what it needs to get them to actually do something rather than say they could have like Clark has.
And a referendum doesn’t take away the need for “Policy and legislation can be developed in a consultative way” – that is required with or without a referendum.
I’d be quite happy for the Government to just fix our demeaning abortion law and our disastrous drug laws, but if those changes were confirmed by popular vote it would strengthen their standing.
I think that euthanasia should go to referendum anyway.
Posted by Pete George on May 28, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/05/28/helen-clark-asserts-abortion-issue-doesnt-need-a-referendum/
Ireland has just resoundingly voted to modernise their abortion law, giving women the choice the should have.
This highlights New Zealand’s shameful persistence with law that is not fit for purpose to the extent that it is virtually ignored in practice, although it forces women into a demeaning process.
We should add abortion to the referendum list for next year, along with personal use of cannabis and euthanasia.
The last Government was not interested in addressing the abortion anomaly.
Abortion was not addressed in either the Labour-NZ First or Labour-Green governing agreements.
However Jacinda Ardern campaigned against the current law – Abortion ‘shouldn’t be a crime’ (September 2017):
Labour leader Jacinda Ardern says abortion should not be in the Crimes Act and she would change the law.
Access to abortion is governed by the Crimes Act 1961 and the Contraception, Sterilisation and Abortion Act 1977.
“It shouldn’t be in the Crimes Act. People need to be able to make their own decision. People need to be able to make their own decisions. I want women who want access to be able to have it as a right.”
At the same time Bill English supported the law as it is but also supported a conscience vote:
Prime Minster Bill English, a conservative Catholic, said he supported the law as it was and he would be opposed to liberalisation. He described the current set-up, where a woman has to get a certificate from two separate medical professionals saying she needed an abortion, was “broadly acceptable” and was working.
However, English said it would be a “conscience decision”, so his MP could vote freely on it.
Why not let the people vote on it?
February 2018: Labour moves to legalise abortion
Andrew Little surprised observers today when he revealed that a draft referral on reforming New Zealand’s abortion law had been circulated to New Zealand First and the Greens. Little said today that he received a letter from Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern after the coalition was formed directing him to begin the process of reforming the law.
Once the two parties give feedback, the referral will be sent to the Law Commission to make a recommendation.
New Zealand is not just out of step with modern law, it is also out of step with modern practices.
New Zealand is an outlier among OECD countries for the time it takes to get an abortion and the way abortions are provided to patients.
In New Zealand, a patient must be referred to two specialists to sign-off on the abortion. If one refuses, the woman may need to find a third specialist. The average time from referral to procedure is 25 days.
In other countries the it can take just a week from referral to procedure. This makes it more likely for New Zealand patients to require a surgical, rather than a medical abortion, as they have passed the nine week mark.
In New Zealand, only 15 percent of abortions are medical abortions. By contrast, 62 percent of abortions in the UK are medical abortions and 45 percent of abortions performed before nine weeks (two-thirds of the total number) in the United States are medical abortions.
Terry Bellamak, President of the Abortion Law Reform Association…
…said that she would like to see abortion wiped from the Crimes Act and the restrictive grounds for abortion abolished.
Currently, abortion can be granted on the grounds that the pregnancy is a risk to the physical or mental health of the mother; that there is a substantial risk the child will be seriously handicapped; that the pregnancy is a result of incest; or that the woman is deemed to be “severely subnormal”.
Bellamak said she would like New Zealand’s law to be reformed along the lines of Canada.
“Canada has absolutely no abortion laws and no regulations around abortion. They simply trust women,” she said.
Andrew Little refused to give much detail on what reform might look like…
…but suggested it might be broader than taking abortion out of the Crimes Act.
“There are more issues than just what’s in the Crimes Act … it’s also the hurdles that have been put in the way of women who are faced with making that decision”.
The vote would be a conscience vote, meaning MPs would be given the ability to vote freely without following a party line.
Why not a people vote, in a referendum along with cannabis and euthanasia?
Ardern and Little support reform.
Greens have actively campaigned on reform: Abortion – it’s time to decriminalise
The Green Party supports the decriminalisation of abortion because we trust women to make decisions that are best for them and their whānau/family. We want to ensure equal access to all potential options are available to pregnant women.
We want to change the abortion laws because:
- The fact that 99% of abortions are approved on ‘mental health’ grounds reveals the dishonesty of the current legal situation.
- The time taken to see two consultants means abortions happen later in the pregnancy. This is more dangerous for the woman, and it makes it difficult to access medical abortions (those which are conducted using medicine rather than surgery), which can only be performed at under 9 weeks’ gestation.
- Rape (sexual violation) is not grounds for abortion under NZ law.
- To reduce the stigma and judgement that happens over the reasons a woman chooses to have an abortion (e.g. rape being seen as more justified grounds for abortion than poverty).
- Abortion’s continuing criminal status helps reinforce geographical variations in access to abortion services.
- The current laws are discriminatory towards people with disabilities.
We also want to change the presumption that currently exists within medical culture and wider society, encouraged by the wording in the legislation, that if there is a significant disability diagnosis then an abortion is assumed to be desirable.
While English supported an MP conscience vote on abortion Simon Bridges could be different. In February when he became National leader:
Bridges told Mediaworks abortion should be “rare, safe and legal and I think the emphasis there is on rare. I think that’s where the vast majority of New Zealanders are”.
If that’s his view I think Bridges is out of touch with new Zealand.
Vice have noted he: “Voted to appoint a doctor strongly opposed to abortion to the Abortion Supervisory Committee.”
In principle NZ First supports people deciding things by referendum. In March last year Tracey Martin pointed this out in Politically, Abortion change rests with NZ First so what does that look like?
What’s our view on abortion legislation?
Abortions should be safe, legal and rare.
We have a policy of citizen-initiated binding referendum, held at the same time as a general election – a policy we have had for 23 years – this is one of those issues for such a referendum. It should not be decided by temporarily empowered politicians but by the public.
We need a 12 to 18 month conversation around this issue and then let the people have their say.
Topics that we would be suggest be associated with this discussion would include: Moving the issue from the Criminal Act to the Health Act, ensuring women get the best possible advice, getting more research into “why” women find themselves needing to seek this service and how can we assist them to avoid having to seek this service.
It makes more sense to me to have a referendum a year before the election. It separates issues decided from the politics of general elections, and is a very good way of engaging the public in democracy.
Posted by Pete George on May 27, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/05/27/ireland-abortion-vote-puts-new-zealand-law-to-shame/
The final result in the Irish referendum on abortion:
The Eight Amendment to the Republic of ireland’s constitution was introduced after a referendum in 1983. It “acknowledges the right to life of the unborn and, with due regard to the equal right to life of the mother, guarantees in its laws to respect, and, as far as practicable, by its laws to defend and vindicate that right“.
Just one constituency, Donegal, voted against change with No 51.9% to Yes 48.1%.
The next closest was Cavan-Monaghan with No 44.5% to yes 55.5%.
The Yes vote in the ten Dublin constituencies ranged from 73.1% to 78.5%.
BBC – Ireland abortion referendum: PM hails ‘quiet revolution’
The Irish prime minister has hailed his country’s “quiet revolution” as early results point to a “resounding” vote for overturning the abortion ban.
Leo Varadkar was speaking after exit polls suggested a landslide vote in favour of reforming the law.
“The people have spoken. They have said we need a modern constitution for a modern country,” he said.
Mr Varadkar, who campaigned in favour of liberalisation, said: “What we’ve seen is the culmination of a quiet revolution that’s been taking place in Ireland over the past 20 years.”
The taoiseach (prime minister) added that Irish voters “trust and respect women to make the right choices and decisions about their own healthcare”.
BBC – Timeline: Ireland and abortion
1861 – Abortion is first banned in Ireland in 1861 by the Offences Against the Person Act, and stays in place after Irish independence.
1983 – The Eighth Amendment to the Republic’s constitution, or Article 40.3.3, is introduced after a referendum.
1992 – The X case – a 4-year-old suicidal rape victim is initially prevented by the courts from travelling to England to terminate her pregnancy. The ruling prompts demonstrations by both anti-abortion and pro-choice campaigners across Ireland, in New York and London. However, the ruling is later overturned by Ireland’s Supreme Court. It says the credible threat of suicide is grounds for an abortion in Ireland.
In November that year, as a result of the X case and the judgement in the Supreme Court appeal, the government put forward three possible amendments to the constitution.
The Thirteenth Amendment said the abortion ban would not limit freedom of travel from Ireland to other countries for a legal abortion. It passed Yes 62.39%, No 37.61%.
The Fourteenth Amendment said Irish citizens had the freedom to learn about abortion services in other countries. It passed Yes 59.88% to No 40.12%.
The Twelfth Amendment proposed that the possibility of suicide was not a sufficient threat to justify an abortion. It failed No 65.35% to Yes 34.65%.
Turnout 68%.
2002 – Another referendum, asking if the threat of suicide as a ground for legal abortion should be removed. Yes 49.58%, No 50.52% (turnout 42.89%).
2010 – After three women take a case against Ireland, the European Court of Human Rights rules the state has failed to provide clarity on the legal availability of abortion in circumstances where the mother’s life is at risk.
2013 – Abortion legislation is again amended to allow terminations under certain conditions – the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act is signed into law. It legalises abortion when doctors deem that a woman’s life is at risk due to medical complications, or at risk of taking her life. It also introduces a maximum penalty of 14 years imprisonment for having or assisting in an unlawful abortion.
2015 – The United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights recommends a referendum on abortion, saying it is concerned at Ireland’s “highly restrictive legislation” and calls for a referendum to repeal Article 40.3.3 of the Constitution.
2016 – The United Nations Human Rights Committee says that Ireland’s ban on abortion subjected a woman carrying a foetus with a fatal abnormality to discrimination and cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment.
2017 – A Citizens’ Assembly votes to recommend the introduction of unrestricted access to abortion. It votes 64% to 36% in favour of having no restrictions in early pregnancy.
2018 – In March, Irish Housing Minister Eoghan Murphy signs an order to set the date for an abortion referendum.
And in big reversals of the 1992 referendum and Twelfth Amendment vote in 2002 the people of Ireland have voted resoundingly to modernise their abortion law.
New Zealand’s abortion law is still archaic but it is virtually ignored in practice. Time this is properly addressed – perhaps we should have an abortion referendum here too.
Posted by Pete George on May 27, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/05/27/66-4-vote-yes-to-amend-abortion-law-in-quiet-revolution-in-ireland/
With the possibility of a referendum on personal use of cannabis, perhaps as soon as next year, there has been discussion on how a legislation followed by referendum approach might work.
In January Graeme Edgeler posted:
There is a good way to conduct government-initiated referendum, and there are bad ways to conduct them.
Yesterday he tweeted suggested wording for a cannabis referendum adapted the language used in the 1993 MMP referendum.
I think that would be a good approach on cannabis, and similar on euthanasia.
Parliament debate and vote on legislation, to be approved by a binding referendum – binding in so far as a commitment by MPs and parties to abide by the result and allow the legislation to come into effect.
This wouldn’t stop later changes in law, as can happen with any law.
Posted by Pete George on May 26, 2018
https://yournz.org/2018/05/26/how-a-cannabis-referendum-might-look/
